Magnolia isd proposition a and b

Trying to figure our what analysis I should run on the following...
I have 1 group of individuals that are given 4 starting conditions... Condition 1, condition 2, condition 3, and condition 4.
Under each of those conditions they then have to select one of 5 options... A, B, C, D, or E.
I want to test for statistical significance under each condition, e.g., does condition 1,2,3, or 4 impact the which option is selected?
Is this just a Chi Square test?

My recent mock I got B (AS) and C (A2 Maths). I picked further so in May I'll be doing both exams. I need to get A and A*. My plan is to do all the Madasmaths Qs for pure and do textbook Qs for Stats and Mech. Then lots of past papers til exams.
There are so many Qs on each topic and the 5 star Qs are very hard. If I'm aiming for A and A* then how many Qs should I do on each topic and are the 2/3/4 star Qs enough to get an A*?
Also should I do Madasmaths Qs on the AS pure topics or is everything in AS pure revisited in A2 topic meaning I can just revise A2 Pure and still get A in AS and A* for A-level?
I will be revising AS applied but for AS pure I'll just do past papers and practise textbook Qs on weak topics if necessary. Is this good enough for my goal?

Ever since the update to 531.41 The system has multiple flashes to black screen after wake from sleep. Usually 3-4 times, sometimes as many as 10, all taking 1-2 seconds of screen on, 1-2 sec no signal, repeat. This isn't a monitor power issue as the backlight stays on and the no signal is displayed. multiple DP cables tested, second screen (also DP) also blinks. Is this a new or known driver bug?
Computer specs: Intel i7 10700k not overclocked MSI Z490 Unify GSKILL DDR4 3600 (Samsung Bdie) at XMP Speed & Voltage EVGA RTX 3080ti FTW3 Ultra (stock clock & Voltages) Seasonic Prime TX 850 (850w titanium) Windows 10 Pro Monitor1: LG 27gn950-b 4k 160hz Monitor2: LG 27gp850-b 1440p 165hz
Absolutely nothing was changed except the video driver, and Windows auto-update 22H2 Cumulative (KB5023696).
This system is not pushed hard as I value stability over squeezing every ounce of performance.

I don’t know if this is the same for everyone, but I definitely had one post which 1) made me realise that many commenters on that sub are completely unreasonable and b) ended up with me finding this sub.
For me it was a post from a young woman who suggested to her brother’s fiancé before her brother’s wedding that she not invite her bratty nephew. Future SIL dismissed the idea because she loved her nephew very much, but at the wedding he accidentally spilled something on her dress. OP immediately laughed and said “I told you so”. Obviously, she was deemed NTA.
I asked a simple question - “INFO: how old was the nephew?”. Instant downvotes.

So following a discussion on a single class STR Monk, I was wondering which would be better between different builds enabling Monk to leverage GWM (which seems to be the best dpr focus a melee monk can get). We'll compare the builds at 10th lvl (where a classic melee monk DPR is at 2d8+10+2d6+10 = 36dmg):

#1. Monk 10 Tortle

17AC, 1d6 unarmed, starting stats 17/10/14/8/16/8, at 4th we take Weapons Master to get martial weapons prof. and +1 STR to 18, at 8th GWM. max DPR = 4d6+8+20+2d6+8 = 57dmg
==> the base for comparison. you got the most ki here, no extra attack delay, you can still stunning strike, you still get unarmored movement to run on wall/water. Your weapon can't be kenseid, so I guess Open Hand would be the best subclass here as you still Flurry of Blow. The best Ki Save DC of the bunch.

#2. Monk 8 Fighter 2 vHuman (Unarmed Fighting style)

Start Fighter 1 for martial weapon and armor prof, Blind fighting style, stats 16/13/14/8/14/9. Then Shadow Monk 8 (+2STGWM), finish Fighter 2. max DPR with action surge = 8d6+16+40+2d6+8 = 99dmg.
==> biggest nuke you could get as a melee Monk, but MADNess here, your Ki save DC for SS is weaker. We go Blind FS to leverage Darkness to get easy advantage for GWM + some survivability (but add issue about managing your darkness for the team). Heavy Armor put you at 18AC so no unarmored movement, but you gain Shadow step. Disadvantage on Stealth but Pass without a Trace. Hard to tell if more or less Ki-hungry than #1.

#3. Monk 8 Barbarian 2 Tortle

Start Barb1 for weapon prof. and Rage (and more hp), Stats 17/13/14/8/14/8. Then Open Hand Monk 8, with Skill Expert(Athletics/+1STR) + GWM. Finish Barb2 for Reckless Attack. max DPR with Rage: 4d6+8+20+4+2d6+8+4 = 65dmg.
==> the best consistent DPR one ? Without Rage, you still hit like #1, but with Rage, you hit harder than Sharpshooter monk (61.5dmg). Also you still get unarmored movement (but no run on watewall), Rage resistance + 2lvl of Barb hit dice + Danger Sense gives you more staying power, Reckless Attack for at will advantage, Grappling+Shove is now also a strong option for control and advantage. I feel like less Ki-Hungry than #1 or 2 because less reliant on Focus Aim.

#4. Monk 8 Cleric 2 vHuman (Unarmed Fighting style)

Start Cleric 1, War domain for the prof. and War Priest, stats 16/13/14/8/14/9. Then Open Hand Monk 8 (+2STGWM), finish Cleric 2. max DPR = 57dmg (same as #1)
==> Might be Less Ki Hungry thanks to Guided Strike and War Priest (basically 2 free Flurry of Blow). You can get to 20AC with heavy armor and pre-cast Shield of Faith. Bless might be better for your concentration slot but not sure you would be able to keep it unless you open hand hit and run thanks for FoB reaction deny (but no unarmored movement :(). Also disadvantage on Stealth, but also Guidance (also Light offset the no Darkvision). Not the best DPR but maybe the more round between DPDefense/Utility/Support.

#5. Monk 8 Ranger 2 vHuman (Unarmed Fighting style)

Start Ranger 1, for martial weapon, Athletics Expertise, Favored Foe, stats 16/14/14/8/13/9. Then Shadow Monk 8 (+2STGWM), finish Fighter Ranger 2 Blind FS. max with favored foe DPR = 59.5dmg
==> Ranger get access to some neat spell like Zephyr Strike, Fog Cloud, Ensnaring Strike, Absorb Elements or Entangle. The Athletics Expertise open Grappling to keep people in your Darkness/Fog cloud bubble of death. But weak Ki/Spell save DC :( and AC 17 but no unarmored movement. A shadow contender ?
​
So what do you think ? what would be the best one ? Also, would a Monk 6 and (FighteBarbarian/Ranger) 4 be better ? like you lose 2ki pt, Evasion and stillness of mind but you get a subclass for your MC (some good stuff like Battlemaster, Zealot, Gloomstalker).

Hello everyone,
I am trying to use my PHP script as a sort of "relay" between my App and an API. I would like to upload an image there. I am calling the PHP script from a Python script which just opens the file as binary and does a PUT request to PHP with it.
It seems like they use google buckets or something similar, at least AWS buckets came up during my research. I sadly do not have any experience with this whatsoever.
I am getting this error (logged via pythons print(response.text)):
Notice: file_get_contents(): Content-type not specified assuming application/x-www-form-urlencoded in C:\xampp\htdocs\uploadtest.php on line 56

Warning: file_get_contents(https://storage.googleapis.com/weg-li-production/zax821rw6hxun0ozstxr4jg5kxlz.jpg?): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
in C:\xampp\htdocs\uploadtest.php on line 56

I have uploaded my code here. Line 56 is the final file_get_contents. I got the upload to work in Python but sadly not in PHP. I did not have to transfer my API key again in python. Sample code provided by API developer (there my problem is at line 62): here. My python test is here: Python version
Does anyone know what I am doing wrong and how I could fix this? Thank you very much!

Thanks to an AirBnB burning down and killing a bunch of people, Quebec has forced the platform to crack down on unregistered hosts. Do not be surprised if your booking gets cancelled.
https://montreal.ctvnews.ca/airbnb-to-pull-listings-that-don-t-have-proper-permits-in-quebec-1.6327704

INB4 predicting the future, but I wanted to ask if you guys think the Vanguard US Equity Index Fund is likely superior to the FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund for a U.K. based investor? I did some analysis below that seems to indicate that this might be the case, based on existing returns, currency risk, and ongoing costs.
My assumptions:
Fund A (Vanguard US Equity Index Fund) average annual return: 15%
Fund B (Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund) average annual return: 10%
Fund A expense ratio: 0.1%
Fund B expense ratio: 0.23%
Investment period: 25 years
Initial investment: £10,000
Yearly contribution: £10,000, adjusted for 3% inflation
Salary increase: 3% per year
For both Fund A and Fund B, we will calculate the future value of the investment using the formula for the future value of an increasing annuity:
FV = P * (((1 + r)ⁿ - (1 + g)ⁿ⁾ / (r - g))
where:
FV is the future value of the investment
P is the initial yearly contribution
r is the net annual return rate (annual return - expense ratio)
n is the number of years
g is the rate of increase in yearly contributions (salary increase - inflation)
Modelling without currency risk, based on historic performance:
For Fund A:
Net annual return after fees = 15% - 0.1% = 14.9% = 0.149 Increase in yearly contributions = 3% - 3% = 0% = 0.0
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.149)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.149 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £1,838,336.32
For Fund B:
Net annual return after fees = 10% - 0.23% = 9.77% = 0.0977 Increase in yearly contributions = 3% - 3% = 0% = 0.0
FV_B = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.0977)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.0977 - 0.0))
FV_B ≈ £899,227.27
The difference in the future value of the investment between Fund A and Fund B is £1,838,336.32 - £899,227.27 = £939,109.05
Modelling with currency risk:
For simplicity, we will assume that the entire return for Fund A (Vanguard US Equity Index Fund) is subject to currency risk, while Fund B (Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund) has no currency risk as it is already globally diversified. Although this is a simplification, it will help illustrate the potential impact of currency risk on returns.
Scenario 1: No change in the GBP/USD exchange rate
In this scenario, there is no currency risk, so the future values of Fund A and Fund B remain the same as in the previous example: £1,838,336.32 and £899,227.27, respectively.
Scenario 2: GBP appreciates by 1% per year against the USD
In this scenario, we need to adjust the net annual return for Fund A by subtracting 1% to account for the currency risk: 14.9% - 1% = 13.9% = 0.139
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.139)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.139 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £1,549,870.55
Scenario 3: GBP depreciates by 1% per year against the USD
In this scenario, we need to adjust the net annual return for Fund A by adding 1% to account for the currency risk: 14.9% + 1% = 15.9% = 0.159
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.159)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.159 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £2,188,817.14
Comparing the future values of Fund A and Fund B under the three currency risk scenarios:
Scenario 1 (No change in GBP/USD):
Fund A: £1,838,336.32
Fund B: £899,227.27
Scenario 2 (GBP appreciates by 1% per year):
Fund A: £1,549,870.55
Fund B: £899,227.27
Scenario 3 (GBP depreciates by 1% per year):
Fund A: £2,188,817.14
Fund B: £899,227.27
Now obviously there are a lot of assumptions going on here such as historic performance and ongoing costs remaining the same into the future, however based on the information at hand, as well as my conviction that the pound will generally strengthen versus the dollar back to where it was but not far beyond, and that the US fund will outpace the Global one, I believe it stands to reason that the US fund is the one where it would be more rational to invest in.
There’s the topic of diversification but both seem very diversified to me.
Is there anything I’m failing to take into account?

My friend never does any homework, or work at school. She doesn’t understand any subject at school, and I have to stop listing at class to explain everything to her, wich is okay to me. What is not okay is that the teacher comes up to us after I just explained something to her and says that I’m somehow stupid, and that the girl I just explained everything to understand and should explain it to me too??? Next to that I always fo everything for the presentations that we fo „together“, but she gets the better grades and she acts like she did everything, even tho she hasn’t even touched her books yet. In the last 3 class test she got a B, F and F - but overall she stands A,B and B- and she never does anything at school! I had an A,A and B , and stand B,B and C- and I swear to god that my hand is raised non stop at class, never missed any assignments and my class tests are always between A-B. The thing is, that the girls dad died 2 years again and she always takes that as an excuse for doing nothing, now I am sorry for her and always try to help her mentally, but how is it any fair if I have to work my ass off all week, for her and me, while she goes partying, drinking and out with boys, AND Still gets better grades then me?
(English isn’t my friends language, thanks in advance)

Stand name: Karma policeman
Localized: reversed karma
Reference: Radiohead song
Stats:
Power: B
Speed: C
Range: E
Durability: A
Precision: C
Potential: A
Stand type: close range stand with an ability that works also only in close range
Stand looks: humanoid
1st ability
With this ability karma policeman is able to reverse any action and its effect if the conditions of activations are met. Karma police man Can switch everything out with its reverse version. This basically means that if you hit the user he Can switch you out with the version of you, where its you that gets hit instead (the anti/reverse you.) To understand this better imagine a Universe with every possible outcome of a situation. What karma policeman is able to do, is to switch his version with the exact opposite version. To activate this ability on someone they have to have “bad karma.”
He Can only reverse your actions if you have bad karma. How do you get bad karma then? To get bad karma you have to do something “wrong.” To do something “wrong” you have to do something that eventually leads to misfortune or pain for another being. This basically means the moment you hit the user he Can activate, and maybe even before, if you have hurt someone earlier in your life. There is two ways to get rid of bad karma, one is when karma policeman reverses you. When he does, it cleanses your karma. The other is by gaining “good karma” to get that you funny enough have to do something “right”. To do something right you need to do something that helps another being by gaining them succes or happiness. The more bad karma you have the more good karma you need to nullify it.
Karma policeman can also reverse objects like a Wall, which means the Wall will now be inverted, and everything that has been done to the Wall will be reversed. He has to touch the object to activate, they dont need karma.
2nd ability/less than zero (unlocked later)
With this ability karma policeman is able to create anti matter bombs and delete actions from existence. What this ability does, is that instead of switchting to opposite version of an object it Collides them, which According to physics releases the full amount of energy that both objects has stored in them (which is a lot according to Einstein.) Even doing this with only a proton is enough to make a bomb, as destructive as a nuclear bomb. The second part of this ability is doing it with actions. Since actions dont have Mass, they dont have energy either, which means when you collide them, they’ll just get deleted instead. When Two actions are collided they’re completely deleted from existence and wont be able to happen again. Basically its like erasing two pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. This Can make it even more impossible to hurt the user. The user still needs bad karma to activate.
Ability upgrade (gained later)
This is basically just an upgrade of the first ability. Karma policeman is now able to reverse untouchable things, like time, gravity, light, tempature etc. He Can even reverse the Universe itself which eventually leads to its destruction, since the reverse of our Universe, is the Universe where it doesnt exist. I know its hard to understand but maybe you’ll get it.

hi! now I'm in sec 2, and since we have to choose subject combi this year I feel like I shld start planning about if I want to go to jc or poly.
I want to do smth related to food science when I get a job, so naturally I plan to take a food science course after sec school. I did some research, and I saw that temasek poly has a course that I am rlly interested in.
however, my results have been quite good recently, and I feel that I will b able to get at least raw 15 for olevels. but if I get that I feel like it would be wasted to go to poly (+ parents want me to go to jc)

If I've learned anything from the past week, it's that there's people who WILL notice these posts if it's not the weekly. This has nothing to do with that situation, other than it's getting me to notice when people have similarities with others who have done me wrong.
So, I have a dilemma.
I always thought of the word "DI-lemma" in my head, as in TWO. Like "situation where you must choose between TWO things". But the actual definition is "two or more equally undesirable things".
But the word is in my head. And its lack of use in that forgotten early 2000s R&B classic...
(My mom LOVED this song once she listened to the words. My dad, being the musician, used to say "Oh, it's Nelly, featuring Smelly!" His alcoholic dementia brain still remembers this.)
So here we go. First off, yes, I'm the guy who was referenced in That Guy's posts. Those memes were very strange to a post as part of threads where there's a username mentioned... a straight guy who, even if you check in here every few months, you can see he has the same on/off gf with the same exact kid.
So no. Nothing happening. While I really did try to find stuff in common with him, he was mostly a guy who lived near me and was moving to the same city I lived in briefly last year... but I couldn't relate to him much beyond that. I was surprised at the texts I got including from people I've never even met (or as far as I know, even read this sub) and the impressions they were under.
Anyway. I'd like to put that behind me, other than to say this:
I can't be someone's "best friend" if it's entirely on their terms, as it's always impossible for someone with my health conditions to meet. I'm 33 years old and afraid to drive, go to the gym, or do anything besides pay for my food and medications THAT I NEED.
I can't pay for a live my life free of the current psychiatric paradigm because, having been on it since age 11, I NEED to be on some kind of psych medication. Life isn't the worst right now, but not good enough to have to do detox from everything all at once.
I can't give up a relationship that's not exactly healthy when I'm about to be homeless, and my gf lives in Real Life Nellyville (they're knocking down all the old ranches and building McMansions, it's insane).
I can't get a job because I don't have a car, and vice versa. My ex gf currently is not able to drive (long story but she's ok) So when her 14 year old daughter or her 90 year old grandma or the two year old she's been taking care of for over a year have to take Lyfts... fixing that is where my priorities are.
I can't do a lot of things. Or rather, I haven't figured out how to work for them. As a man especially it's embarrassing to admit it.
But another thing I don't think I can do is putting up with people who disrespect the people I love.
Tonight I did a FB messenger video call with L, one of my best but definitely most-inconvenient-hours friends. The call starts out normal as it usually does, we have our normal conversations... but dare I then mention I'm back with my ex-gf, C. She just looks down. Ok. Guess she didn't wanna hear that. So we moved on. I bring it up again. Stunned that I'm even talking to her, she happens to tell me someone she talked to "but she doesn't remember" was aware of the situation (HOW?) and "was on my side and thought C was a crazy bitch". Exact words. WTF?!
I told her I had to hang up. After that, I just... couldn't.
She didn't even seem like she knew what was wrong? Like she's so firmly decided C is a piece of shit. It's funny because the person who caused BOTH our separations (our mutual friend, P, who happened to move to the same state the shitposter just did, and I did last year, it seemed like one never-ending thing) apparently isn't a problem in L's mind. I suspect this is because P and L now share a mutual friend, J, who I suspect may have involved. The whole thing makes no sense otherwise. HOW would anyone know both me and C? We had no more than 4-5 overlapping friends the decade prior to this.
Goddamn... did she really think she could get away with calling her a "crazy bitch"? What "sides" are we taking that she's telling me they're on mine? Is any of this shit okay, anywhere, let alone where we live?
It just made me wonder, at this point, whether it's really worth it to put this much stock in L as a friend. At least until she apologizes the next time because usually she overapologizes even if she says anything slightly offensive. This time she didn't so it's like she honestly doesn't think she did anything wrong?
I pride myself on my loyalty to people. Which is why, no matter what it is, if you actually realize what you did was wrong... I will always at least try and forgive you. Many of you on this sub can attest to this. Of course that doesn't mean I'll trust you. Like I'm not STUPID, come on. Well, maybe when it comes to C, a little, sometimes, yeah kinda. But once I see certain behaviors in people I get a little suspicious.
I was just starting to enjoy the exclusivity of my relationship with C that due to our shared mutual friend being such a large part of our lives (even after leaving the state) she and I never really had this level of privacy before. So I think this is why I felt so violated when L said that. Her connection with J makes me uncomfortable, though I love the both of them. I wanted to hang out with them AND with C. But I'm also realizing I'm too old to enjoy going out to bars, which is ALL they do. C and I don't even drink.
It's sad, cause I've had so few opportunities in my life to have legit friends, the only way I ever felt like I could be normal. Now I have it and I'm passing it up because some motherfuckers are talking shit? But to have my own family, given the one I had completely shattered in part due to being structurally fucked from the get go... that's not a thing I can pass up. Especially at the age I am.
Who do I choose? C and her family, or... everyone else?

INB4 predicting the future, but I wanted to ask if you guys think the Vanguard US Equity Index Fund is likely superior to the FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund for a U.K. based investor? I did some analysis below that seems to indicate that this might be the case, based on existing returns, currency risk, and ongoing costs.
My assumptions:
Fund A (Vanguard US Equity Index Fund) average annual return: 15%
Fund B (Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund) average annual return: 10%
Fund A expense ratio: 0.1%
Fund B expense ratio: 0.23%
Investment period: 25 years
Initial investment: £10,000
Yearly contribution: £10,000, adjusted for 3% inflation
Salary increase: 3% per year
For both Fund A and Fund B, we will calculate the future value of the investment using the formula for the future value of an increasing annuity:
FV = P * (((1 + r)ⁿ - (1 + g)ⁿ⁾ / (r - g))
where:
FV is the future value of the investment
P is the initial yearly contribution
r is the net annual return rate (annual return - expense ratio)
n is the number of years
g is the rate of increase in yearly contributions (salary increase - inflation)
Modelling without currency risk, based on historic performance:
For Fund A:
Net annual return after fees = 15% - 0.1% = 14.9% = 0.149 Increase in yearly contributions = 3% - 3% = 0% = 0.0
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.149)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.149 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £1,838,336.32
For Fund B:
Net annual return after fees = 10% - 0.23% = 9.77% = 0.0977 Increase in yearly contributions = 3% - 3% = 0% = 0.0
FV_B = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.0977)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.0977 - 0.0))
FV_B ≈ £899,227.27
The difference in the future value of the investment between Fund A and Fund B is £1,838,336.32 - £899,227.27 = £939,109.05
Modelling with currency risk:
For simplicity, we will assume that the entire return for Fund A (Vanguard US Equity Index Fund) is subject to currency risk, while Fund B (Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index Fund) has no currency risk as it is already globally diversified. Although this is a simplification, it will help illustrate the potential impact of currency risk on returns.
Scenario 1: No change in the GBP/USD exchange rate
In this scenario, there is no currency risk, so the future values of Fund A and Fund B remain the same as in the previous example: £1,838,336.32 and £899,227.27, respectively.
Scenario 2: GBP appreciates by 1% per year against the USD
In this scenario, we need to adjust the net annual return for Fund A by subtracting 1% to account for the currency risk: 14.9% - 1% = 13.9% = 0.139
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.139)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.139 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £1,549,870.55
Scenario 3: GBP depreciates by 1% per year against the USD
In this scenario, we need to adjust the net annual return for Fund A by adding 1% to account for the currency risk: 14.9% + 1% = 15.9% = 0.159
FV_A = £10,000 * (((1 + 0.159)²⁵ - (1 + 0.0)²⁵⁾ / (0.159 - 0.0))
FV_A ≈ £2,188,817.14
Comparing the future values of Fund A and Fund B under the three currency risk scenarios:
Scenario 1 (No change in GBP/USD):
Fund A: £1,838,336.32
Fund B: £899,227.27
Scenario 2 (GBP appreciates by 1% per year):
Fund A: £1,549,870.55
Fund B: £899,227.27
Scenario 3 (GBP depreciates by 1% per year):
Fund A: £2,188,817.14
Fund B: £899,227.27
Now obviously there are a lot of assumptions going on here such as historic performance and ongoing costs remaining the same into the future, however based on the information at hand, as well as my conviction that the pound will generally strengthen versus the dollar back to where it was but not far beyond, and that the US fund will outpace the Global one, I believe it stands to reason that the US fund is the one where it would be more rational to invest in.
There’s the topic of diversification but both seem very diversified to me.
Is there anything I’m failing to take into account?

Order, Order.
We turn now to a Stage 1 Debate on SB218 in the name of the Scottish National Party. The question is that this Parliament approves the general principles of the Air Departure Tax (Scotland) Bill.

Air Departure Tax (Scotland) Bill

An Act of the Scottish Parliament to provide for an Air Departure Tax, and for connected purposes.
Section 1: Consequential Repeals

1. The following acts are repealed:

a. the Air Passenger Duty (Scotland) Act 2020
b. the Air Passenger (Amendment) (Scotland) Act 2021
Section 2: Interpretations

1. For the purposes of this Act, “kerosene” has the same meaning as defined in section 1(8) of the Hydrocarbon Oil Duties Act 1979.
   
2. For the purposes of this Act, “certificate of airworthiness” means a certificate issued under the relevant sections of The Air Navigation Order 2009.
   

Section 3: Air Departure Tax

1. Subject to the provisions of this Act, an Air Departure Tax shall be charged on the carriage of passengers by air.
   
2. An aircraft becomes liable for Air Departure Tax when it departs from an airport carrying passengers.
   
3. Air Departure Tax shall be levied on the operators of aircraft liable as a result of this Act.
   
4. Subject to the provisions of this act, all passengers on an aircraft departing an airport in Scotland are chargeable for the purposes of the Air Departure Tax.
   
5. In all cases, the journey of all passengers chargeable subject to the provisions of this act ends at their final ticketed destination, issued by the operator of the aircraft that initially departed from an airport in Scotland.
   

Section 4: Chargeable Aircraft

1. An aircraft shall be liable for Air Passenger Duty if—

a. It is a fixed wing aircraft designed or adapted to carry persons in addition to the flight crew.
b. It is authorised take-off weight is 5.7 tonnes or more, and
c. It is fueled by kerosene. 2. An aircraft shall be determined to have an authorised take-off weight of less than 5.7 tonnes if—
a. There is a certificate of airworthiness in force for that aircraft which shows the maximum authorised take-off weight is less than 5.7 tonnes, or
b. The body tasked with implementing the administration of Air Departure Tax is satisfied that the aircraft is not designed or adapted to take-off with a take-off weight of 5.7 tonnes or more.
Section 5: Rates

1. The rates of Air Departure Tax are outlined in Schedule 1 to this Act
   
2. The Scottish Ministers may vary these rates by regulations, subject to the affirmative procedure.
   

Section 6: Implementation

1. The body responsible for administering Air Passenger Duty shall have the responsibility for administering Air Departure Tax.
   
2. The Scottish Ministers may by regulation, subject to the negative procedure, assign or create an alternative body responsible for the administration of the Air Departure Tax.
   

Section 7: Offences

1. A person who is knowingly—

a. involved in the fraudulent evasion by that person or another person of duty, or
b. in taking steps with a view to commit such fraudulent evasion, is guilty of an offence.

1. A person who knowingly—

a. makes a statement they know to be false in a material particular, or,
b. in an attempt to deceive, produce or makes use of a book, account, return or other document that is false in a material particular is guilty of an offence.

1. A person guilty of an offence under Section 8 is liable—

a. on summary conviction—

i. to a penalty of £20,000 or treble the amount of duty evaded or sought to be evaded, whatever is greater, or
ii. to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months, or
iii. to both, or,

b. on conviction on indictment—

i. to a penalty of any amount, or
ii. to imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years, or
iii. to both.

Section 8: Commencement

1. This Act comes into force 180 days following Royal Assent.

Section 9: Short Title

1. This Act may be cited as the Air Departure Tax (Scotland) Act.

Schedule 1: Air Departure Tax Rates

Band	Geographical Extent	Rate
Domestic	Scotland	£0
A	The Common Travel Area (not included in the Domestic Band)	200% the cost of the ticket, or £500, whichever is the greater
B	The European Economic Area, Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Greenland, Kosovo Liechtenstein, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, North Macedonia, San Marino, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and the Vatican City (not included in the Domestic or A Band)	£150
C	The Arab League (excepting Comoros), Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cabo Verde, Eritrea, Georgia, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Western Sahara (not included in the Domestic, A or B Bands)	£100
D	Territory not included in another Band	£50

This Bill was written by u/mg9500 on behalf of the Scottish National Party.
Opening Speech
Presiding Officer, this bill aims to radically reform Scotland’s aviation taxation in order to stress several environmentally friendly principles.
This bill aims to destroy the viability of domestic flights within the CTA with the exception of the PSO routes within Scotland. This is an entirely true statement. These flights should not exist from an environmental standpoint and there is no justification for them but this Parliament does not yet have the competency to ban such flights. This de facto ban is therefore the most appropriate solution.
Elsewhere, this bill rectifies an issue with the current APD regime - as flight distance extends from Scotland, travelling by plane becomes more essential, therefore an environmental levy will not necessarily succeed in reducing passenger numbers as the alternatives (if they even exist) will be increasingly less desirable. Therefore flight distance and taxation due should become inversely correlated as this bill proposes.
Separately, this tidies up some current issues with the operation of APD as things stand, such as clarifying that ADT will only be due on departure from Scotland, not arrival. This bill also removes age related exemptions and modifications depending on the class of travel, as what we are trying to cut, emissions, are unaffected by either of these two matters.
Debate on this bill will end at the close of business on 28th March at 10pm BST

Hello everyone,
I am currently working on a problem that involves finding the roots of three polynomial equations with three variables. I have tried to use Groebner bases but it doesn't seem to help In the code I want to set [Abl_x6_pol, Abl_x7_pol, Abl_x8_pol] equal to zero. I am only interested in finding the roots with:

• x7
• x6,x7,x8 in (0,1)

Here you can find a Maple and Matlab file: https://github.com/fabsongithub/Interlacing

restart; a1 := (x3 - x1)/(2*x7) + x7/2: a2 := (x2 - x3)/(2*(x6 - x7)) + (x7 + x6)/2: a3 := (x4 - x2)/(2*(x8 - x6)) + (x8 + x6)/2: Prof_A := x1*a1 + x2*(a3 - a2): Prof_B := x3*(a2 - a1) + x4*(1 - a3): Abl_x1 := diff(Prof_A, x1): Abl_x2 := diff(Prof_A, x2): Abl_x3 := diff(Prof_B, x3): Abl_x4 := diff(Prof_B, x4): eqns := [Abl_x1 = 0, Abl_x2 = 0, Abl_x3 = 0, Abl_x4 = 0]; l := solve(eqns, [x1, x2, x3, x4]); x1 := x7*(3*x6^2*x7 - 2*x6^2*x8 + 3*x6*x7^2 - 4*x6*x7*x8 - x6*x8^2 + x7*x8^2 + 2*x6^2 - 2*x6*x7 - 2*x6*x8 + 2*x7*x8)/(3*(x6^2 + 2*x6*x7 - 4*x6*x8 + x7^2)): x2 := -(3*x6^4 - 6*x6^3*x8 - 3*x6^2*x7^2 + 2*x6^2*x7*x8 + 3*x6^2*x8^2 + 4*x6*x7^2*x8 - 2*x6*x7*x8^2 - x7^2*x8^2 - 6*x6^3 + 4*x6^2*x7 + 6*x6^2*x8 + 2*x6*x7^2 - 4*x6*x7*x8 - 2*x7^2*x8)/(3*(x6^2 + 2*x6*x7 - 4*x6*x8 + x7^2)): x3 := x7*(3*x6^2*x7 - 4*x6^2*x8 + 4*x6*x7*x8 - 2*x6*x8^2 - 3*x7^3 + 2*x7*x8^2 + 4*x6^2 - 4*x6*x7 - 4*x6*x8 + 4*x7*x8)/(3*(x6^2 + 2*x6*x7 - 4*x6*x8 + x7^2)): x4 := (3*x6^3*x7 - 3*x6^3*x8 + 3*x6^2*x7^2 - x6^2*x7*x8 - 3*x6^2*x8^2 - 2*x6*x7^2*x8 - 2*x6*x7*x8^2 + 6*x6*x8^3 - x7^2*x8^2 - 8*x6^2*x7 + 12*x6^2*x8 - 4*x6*x7^2 + 8*x6*x7*x8 - 12*x6*x8^2 + 4*x7^2*x8)/(3*(x6^2 + 2*x6*x7 - 4*x6*x8 + x7^2)): Abl_x6 := diff(Prof_A, x6): Abl_x7 := diff(Prof_B, x7): Abl_x8 := diff(Prof_B, x8): with(Groebner); Abl_x6_pol := numer(normal(Abl_x6)): Abl_x7_pol := numer(normal(Abl_x7)): Abl_x8_pol := numer(normal(Abl_x8)): P := {Abl_x6_pol, Abl_x7_pol, Abl_x8_pol}; eqns2 := [Abl_x6_pol = 0, Abl_x7_pol = 0, Abl_x8_pol = 0]: Gr_plex := Basis(P, plex(x8, x7, x6)): 

Does somebody have an idea what to do here?
Thanks in advance!

Started maining mercy just curious;
​
A) if anyone else has an ideal or target boost/heal ratio and damage boosted?
​
B) is it preferred to boost or heal?
​
C) pocket or concentrate on heal team
​
Just played game being yelled at by a speed-exclusive-lucio to heal more while pocketing hanzo to my PB of 3.3k boosted on 70%/30% boost/heal.
​
Obviously depends on game but I aim for 60-70/40-30 boost/heal and between 1-1.5k dam boost. I've never lost a game so far with 2k dam boost.
​
Apologies if already discussed new to Reddit...

https://i.scdn.co/image/ab6765630000ba8a92f064db3a81532c5d94ebed https://open.spotify.com/episode/2UWxaUoaMS3tXIRB51GBMx March 25, 2023
After rescuing Han Solo from Jabba the Hutt, the Rebels attempt to destroy the second Death Star while Luke struggles to help Darth Vader back from the dark side.
Call us and leave a voicemail at 1 ‪(305) 563-6334‬
Music provided by: Atlas Sound Arts
This is SciFi Voice: Dear Nikky
Special Guest: Ro from Scarif Podcast, Across the Stars
Mentions: Kelly Szentgyorgyi, Cinema Recall, Admiral Funnest Frontier, Steve Horizon_Brave GhostWorld, Madison on the Air, Human-B-Gon Castpod, Rosie rosalita, Following Films, The Heretical Sayyadina
Ads: Across the Stars, The FSF PopCast
Sci-Fi fan or creator? Follow the hashtag #ThisisSciFi for more sci-fi goodness! #ScienceFiction And join our Discord Server! #WeNeedRobertToWatchBabylon5
Part of the Blind Knowledge Network #BlindKnowledge
An Anchor FM podcast
Part of the LetsChatLive Network
Find us on GoodPods
Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/scifiremnant/message
Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/scifiremnant/support

What Is Arbitrum (ARB)?

Arbitrum is an Ethereum layer-two (L2) scaling solution. It uses optimistic rollups to achieve its goal of improving speed, scalability and cost-efficiency on Ethereum. Arbitrum benefits from the security and compatibility of Ethereum. Another benefit is the higher throughput and lower fees compared to Ethereum. That is made possible thanks to moving most of the computation and storage load off-chain.
Arbitrum’s native token is called ARB and is used for governance. Offchain Labs, the developers behind Arbitrum, announced the shift to a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) structure — the Arbitrum DAO. ARB holders can vote on proposals that affect the features, protocol upgrades, funds allocation and election of a Security Council.
Arbitrum has an ambitious roadmap for 2023, which includes: Launching its own layer-three solution called Orbit; Enabling developers to deploy programs written in popular programming languages like Rust, C++, and more using Stylus; Expanding its validator set to include more independent institutional validators; Moving its protocol to layer two with Arbitrum One.
On March 16, 2023, Arbitrum announced their highly anticipated airdrop of ARB. The token will be airdropped to early users and DAOs building on Arbitrum, with 12.75% of the total supply to be distributed. Recipients were rewarded on a point-based system depending on their interaction with the Arbitrum network until a cutoff date of March 1, 2023. The token generation event is on March 23, 2023.

Who Are the Founders of Arbitrum?

Arbitrum is developed by Offchain Labs, a New York-based development company. Its founders are Ed Felten, Steven Goldfeder and Harry Kalodner, former Princeton University researchers with years of experience in computer science, cryptography and blockchain.
Ed Felten is a computer science professor at Princeton and served as President Obama’s Deputy CTO. He is the co-founder and Chief Scientist of Offchain Labs.
Steven Goldfeder is a computer scientist and entrepreneur who received his Ph.D. from Princeton. He is also the co-founder and CEO of Offchain Labs.
Harry Kalodner is a computer scientist and Ph.D. candidate at Princeton. He is also the co-founder and CTO of Offchain Labs.
In 2021, Offchain Labs announced that it raised $120 million in its latest Series B funding led by Lightspeed Venture Partners, valuing it at $1.2 billion. Other prominent investors include Polychain Capital, Pantera Capital, Mark Cuban and more

What Makes Arbitrum Unique?

Arbitrum uses optimistic rollups to stand out from other scaling solutions for Ethereum. It claims to offer several advantages over other optimistic rollup solutions, such as:
Compatibility: Arbitrum supports unmodified EVM contracts and transactions, meaning that any existing Ethereum DApp can run on Arbitrum without any code changes.
Scalability: Arbitrum can handle thousands of transactions per second with low fees and fast finality, while maintaining the security guarantees of Ethereum.
Flexibility: Arbitrum allows developers to deploy programs written in popular programming languages like Rust, C++, and more using Stylus, its upcoming EVM+ equivalence feature.
Decentralization: Arbitrum does not rely on any centralized operator or sequencer to order transactions. Instead, it uses a decentralized network of validators who stake ARB tokens and earn fees for securing the network.
Arbitrum also has a vibrant ecosystem of DApps, wallets, tools and partners that make it one of the leading scaling solutions for Ethereum.
Some of the protocols that are available on the network include: GMX (GMX), Treasure (MAGIC), Camelot (GRAIL), Radiant Capital (RDNT), Vela Exchange (VELA), ZyberSwap (ZYB), Dopex (DPX), PlutusDAO (PLS), TridentDAO (PSI), Jones DAO (JONES) and more.
The growth of the Arbitrum ecosystem can be seen from its total value locked (TVL) metric. According to DeFiLlama, Arbitrum's TVL reached a peak of $3.2 billion in November 2021 and currently stands at around $1.85 billion as of this writing. This makes it the highest TVL among all other Layer 2 ecosystems.

Related Pages:

Find out more about Optimism (OP) — another optimistic rollup on Ethereum
Learn how to add Arbitrum to Metamask.
Read our Ultimate Guide to the Arbitrum Ecosystem.
Read our Ultimate Guide to the Top Protocols by TVL on Arbitrum.
Get the latest crypto news and latest trading insights with CoinMarketCap Alexandria.

How Many Arbitrum (ARB) Coins Are There in Circulation?

ARB is the native governance token of Arbitrum. It will launch on March 23rd 2023, distributing 12.75% of the total supply of ARB tokens to eligible recipients and DAOs.
The utility of the ARB token is to enable decentralized governance of the Arbitrum ecosystem. ARB holders govern the Arbitrum network by voting on governance proposals for the Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova chains. They can also influence how funds of the DAO treasury will be used. Governance proposals can include upgrades to the chain, changes to network parameters, allocation of grants and bounties, integration of new features and more.
ARB does not work as a gas fee token like ETH does on the Ethereum network. Instead, the fees on Arbitrum are paid in ETH or any other ERC-20 token supported by DApps. This means that ARB holders do not need to spend their tokens to use Arbitrum services, but rather can stake them and earn fees for securing the network.
The total supply of ARB tokens is fixed at 10 billion. The token allocation is as follows: Arbitrum DAO treasury: 42.78% (4.278 billion), Offchain Labs teams and advisors: 26.94% (2.694 billion), Investors: 17.53% (1.753 billion), airdrop to users: 11.62% (1.162 billion), airdrop to DAOs: 1.13% (113 million).

How Is Arbitrum Secured?

Arbitrum derives its security from the Ethereum network, which provides consensus and finality for Arbitrum transactions. In other words, Ethereum guarantees the validity of the rollup’s off-chain computation and data availability behind the computation.
The use of optimistic rollups means Arbitrum executes transactions on the rollup outside of Ethereum, and bundle multiple transactions in a batch before submitting it to mainnet. As the term “optimistic” suggests, the off-chain transactions are assumed to be valid and no proof-of-validity is submitted. In case of a dispute, there is a time period after the rollup is submitted where anyone can challenge the transaction by submitting a fraud proof.

Where Can You Buy Arbitrum (ARB)?

Centralized exchanges Binance, Bybit, BitMEX, Poloniex, OKX, KuCoin and more have announced that they will be listing ARB.
Our most recent articles about Arbitrum:

• CoinMarketCap News, Mar 23: After Months on the Run, Do Kwon is in Custody
• Podcast: Justin Sun and Stars Charged By SEC — Will Coinbase Be Next?
• Arbitrum Airdrop: Website Crashes as Users Rush to Claim Tokens
• Everything You Need To Know About the Arbitrum Airdrop

Researchers at Federation University are seeking people to participate in a research project investigating the relationships between early life experiences, personality, beliefs, empathy, impulsivity, and romantic relationships. We are looking for people aged 18 years or older to complete a 45 minute survey. If you are interested in participating, please click the link below. Feel free to share with your friends! https://federation.syd1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bDvIvw3Lsz3wxGS